Eye Disorders: Pterygium and Pingueculum
These are non-cancerous growths of the surface layers of the eye. A pingueculum's growth is limited to the white part of the eye as shown on the right, whereas a pterygium grows over the cornea as shown on the left. Pingueculi are very common and occur at the 3 and 9 o'clock positions along he limbus (the border area between the white and iris color). Pterygii are less common, and almost always occur on the nasal side of the limbus. They are thought to be due to chronic sun damage on the eye surface. Pterygii occur more commonly in people living closer to the equator.
What are the symptoms?
Pingueculi often are not bothersome except cosmetically. Because they are elevated, common eye irritations, like dry eye, can affect this area more, causing redness and mild discomfort. Pterygii are often irritated and red, and can cause vision loss if the central cornea becomes involved.
What treatments are available?
Sometimes, just lubricating drops or ointments improve comfort and redness. Mild topical steroids are sometimes prescribed. UV blocking eyewear when outside may be prudent. Pterygii can be removed with surgery if too irritated or if vision is threatened. There is risk of recurrence after surgery even with appropriate care.
More information on this condition can be found at the National Eye Institute's website, under the cornea section.